Efektivitas Graded Motor Imagery pada Individu dengan Nyeri Punggung Bawah Non-Spesifik
Abstract
Nyeri punggung bawah merupakan salah satu masalah terbesar bagi sistem kesehatan masyarakat di dunia. Penelitian terbaru tentang nyeri kronis telah mengamati efek nyeri di otak melalui pemetaan ulang kortikal. Graded motor imagery (GMI) berperan dalam menurunkan nyeri pada pasien nyeri kronis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penambahan graded motor imagery pada intervensi ultrasound therapy (UST), mobilisasi sendi, dan latihan stabilisasi lumbopelvis pada nyeri punggung bawah non-spesifik. Kuasi eksperimen merupakan metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan teknik pengambilan subjek secara konsekutif. Masing-masing kelompok berjumlah 14 orang. Kelompok kontrol diberikan UST, mobilisasi sendi, dan intervensi latihan stabilisasi lumbopelvis. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan UST, mobilisasi sendi, latihan stabilisasi lumbopelvis, dan intervensi graded motor imagery. Peserta penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 12 sesi terapi (3 kali dalam seminggu selama 4 minggu). Tingkat nyeri diukur dengan numeric rating pain scale (NPRS). Ketakutan untuk bergerak diukur dengan Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) pada masing-masing kelompok pada aspek penurunan nyeri dan perbaikan rasa takut bergerak. Pada uji perbandingan antar kelompok menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kedua kelompok, dimana terdapat penurunan tingkat nyeri yang lebih signifikan dan perbaikan rasa takut bergerak pada kelompok intervensi. Penambahan graded motor imagery pada intervensi UST, mobilisasi sendi, dan latihan stabilisasi lumbopelvis lebih signifikan menurunkan nyeri dan ketakutan bergerak pada nyeri punggung bawah non-spesifik.
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