Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dan Kemampuan Fungsional Terhadap Tingkat Stres pada Lansia Wanita
The Relationship of Physical Activity and Functional Ability with Stress Levels in Elderly Women
Abstract
Perubahan hormonal pada lansia wanita pasca menopause berhubungan dengan kondisi emosional dan peningkatan tingkat stres yang dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas fisik dan kemampuan fungsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dan kemampuan fungsional terhadap tingkat stres pada lansia wanita di Desa Jegu, Kecamatan Penebel, Kabupaten Tabanan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional yang melibatkan 64 lansia wanita yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Kriteria inklusi meliputi lansia wanita berusia 60–74 tahun yang berdomisili di Desa Jegu, bersedia mengikuti penelitian dengan menandatangani informed consent, mampu berjalan mandiri tanpa alat bantu, serta tidak memiliki riwayat gangguan neuromuskular. Subjek dikeluarkan apabila tidak kooperatif, memiliki penyakit kronis seperti kanker, penyakit jantung, atau stroke, serta tidak menyelesaikan pengisian kuesioner. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), Indeks Barthel, dan Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman’s Rho dan uji korelasi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dan tingkat stres (p=0,001; r=-0,733) dengan kekuatan hubungan kuat, serta hubungan signifikan antara kemampuan fungsional dan tingkat stres (p=0,001; r=-0,884) dengan kekuatan hubungan sangat kuat. Uji korelasi berganda menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dan kemampuan fungsional terhadap tingkat stres (p=0,001; R=0,867). Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan berupa tidak dikontrolnya variabel lain, kendala komunikasi bahasa saat pengumpulan data, serta desain cross sectional yang tidak memungkinkan evaluasi perubahan kondisi responden dari waktu ke waktu.
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